Printing and other textile treatments



Patented July 5, 1938 PATENT OFFICE 2,123.15: PRINTING AND o'rmm TEXTILE mu- MEN'IS Georges Rivat, Lyon, France, assignor to Celanese Corporation of America, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application March 28, 1936, Serial No. 71,449. In Great Britain April 4, 1935 11 Claims.

The present invention relates to improvements in printing and other textile treatments and is more particularly concerned with processes for the fixation of color and other effects upon textile 5 materials.

In U. S. application S. No. 48,283, filed November 5, 1935, of which this application is a continuation-in-part, processes are described whereby the existing dyeing afiinities of matelO rialsmade of or containing natural or regenerated cellulose or cellulose derivatives are modified by incorporating in the materials highly molecular or complex nitrogen-containing organic compounds, more especially nitrogen-containing 5 synthetic resins. The incorporation is' effected by interaction on the materials of appropriate reagents one ofwhich'contains the requisite nitrogen. As indicated in the said specification, incorporation of the above compounds in natugu ral or regenerated cellulose materials generally confers upon the latter an affinity or increases any existing affinity for the basic and acid colors,

and decreases or suppresses entirely their afiinity for the direct cotton colors.

a", I have now found that by forming the said compounds on the material very satisfactory fixation of colors thereon may be effected. For example, the textile materials may be colored with any suitable acid, basic or direct colors, and a .2.) synthetic resin thereafter condensed on the material so as to fix the color. By this means the ordinary fixation by steaming may be omitted, and a simple washing or treatment with hydrosulphite, according to the dyestufl used, sufiices 33 to remove excess color.

While the fixation of the color according to the present invention may be uniform over the entire materiaL'the most important application of the present invention consists in local fixation of the color so as to produce pattern effects. The local application of a reagent or reagents suitable for the formation in or on the material of a nitrogen-containing synthetic resin or other complex nitrogenous compound may be by any of the 3'; usual printing methods, for example a printing roller, engraved plate, stencil or screen printing,

e. g. with a silk screen.

In fixing colors locally according to the present invention, the fabric may, for example, be 5. colored uniformly with a suitable dyestuff, and the agents for making the nitrogen-containing synthetic resin thereafter applied locally, and the fabric subjected to conditions suitable for producing the desired condensation, for example 55 drying for 1-2 hours in a stove at 110 C.-120 C.

A simple washing and clearing with hydrosulphite serves to remove color from the unprinted portions.

If desired, in addition to fixing dyestuffs on the materials effects such as cir effects may simultaneously be fixed .on the materials. The fabric may, for example, be uniformly colored as prement may be given to complete the condensation.

In this way colored local cir effects may be produced, the washingremovingthe cir finish on the unprinted portions.

Colored local cir effects may also be produced by applying locally a dyestuff in admixture with reagents capable of conversion into nitrogenous resins, applying a cir finish, e. g. by hot calendering, heating to effect a complete formation of resin from the said reagents, and then washing the material to remove the cir finish from parts of the material free from resin. By omitting the dyestufi uncolored cir effects may be produced.

The synthetic resins may be produced on the materials from a wide variety of reagents, one or more of which contain nitrogen. For example, they may be produced by condensation of aldehydic or ketonic bodies, for example formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, benzaldehyde, acetone or the like, with aliphatic or aromatic amines or-amides, for example urea, thiourea, guanidine and their derivatives, dicyandiamide, aniline, methyl aniline, diphenylamine, benzyl aniline, ,B-naphthylamine, para-toluene-sulphonamide or other aromatic sulphonamides or N-alkyl or other derivatives thereof. A further group of materials available is the condensation products of gelatine, casein or other albumenoid compounds with formaldehyde, for example. The invention is not, however, confined to condensation products of aldehydic or ketonic bodies with nitrogencontaining organic compounds, since any other nitrogen-containing resinous or highly complex organic compound is suitable. For example, the condensation product of phenol with methylene diphenyl-diamine may be employed. In most cases, condensation to produce the above mentioned resinous materials may be most advanta-' resinous material which is generally soluble in water, may be carried out prior to local application of the reagents to the fabric or other material. Substances such as monomethylol urea or dimethylol urea may for instance be applied locally to material carrying coloring matter and converted to resins on the material by heating. It is for obvious reasons desirable that the final .product produced on the material shall be substantially insoluble in water or in aqueous reagents which are customarily applied to the materials as, for example, in dyeing or scouring operations.

The following examples illustrate the invention but are not to be considered as limiting it in any way:-

Example 1 A fabric is printed or aerographed over the whole of its surface with one or more color compositions as follows:-

Grams Acid or direct dischargeable dye 10-50 Water and gum 950 After drying at the ordinary temperature, the fabric is over-printed by means of a printing roller with a geometric or floral design with a paste of the following composition:-

Urea or thiourea gms- 40% formaldehyde ccs Formic acid ccs Water and thickener to make up to 1000 gms.

The fabric is dried, then stoved at 110 C. and, after condensation, subjected to washing with hot water, then to a clearing with sodium hydrosulphiteiat 70 C.- C. The colors are fixed only in the portions overprinted with synthetic resin.

Example 2 A fabric of natural or artificial silk is printed with the following:----

Urea or thiourea gms 40% formaldehyde ccs Formic acid ccs Dyestufi gms Water and thickener so as to make up to 1000 gms gms 300-500 After drying at the ordinary temperature, the fabric is subjected at a high temperature to an operation giving a cir finish, and is then stoved for 1-2 hours at C. After stoving, the fabric is washed thoroughly in cold water, the printed portions only retaining the cir finish.

The new process may be applied to various textile materials, for example natural silk, cellulose fibers, e. g. cotton, linen, and regenerated cellulose artificial silk, and artificial silk of cellulose acetate or other cellulose esters or ethers. A particularly valuable feature is that dyestuffs having no substantial afllnity for the material may be fixed on the material, e. g. acid dyes on cellulose or cellulose acetate textiles. Very valuable effects may be obtained by producing colored cir eifects upon crepe fabrics, e. g. fabrics constructed 'with highly twisted regenerated cellulose threads. In this case the crpe effect is destroyed on the portions on which resin has been fixed, with the result that a pattern of smooth colored areas on a crpe ground may be obtained. These effects are resistant to washing.-

Having described my invention what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is:--'

1. Process of producing colored cir effects upon textile materials, which comprises applying a dyestufi to at least parts of the materials, impregnating a portion only of the dyestuff-bearing part of the material with reagents capable of conversion into a nitrogenous resin by the action of heat, imparting a cir finish to the material by calendaring, completing the formation of the said resin from said reagents by heating,

and thereafter removing dyestuff and cir finish from parts of the material free from resin.

2. Process of producing colored cir effects upon cellulose textile materials, which comprises applying an acid dyestuff to at least parts of the materials, impregnating a portion only of the dyestuff-bearing part of the material with reagents capable of conversion into a nitrogenous resin by the action of heat, imparting a cir finish to the material by hot calendering, completing the for mation of the said resin from said reagents by heating, and thereafter washing the material to remove dyestuff and cir finish from parts of the material free fro-m resin.

3. Process for the production of'colored cir effects upon textile materials, which comprises applying locally to said materials a dyestuff in admixture with reagents capable of conversion into a nitrogenous resin by the action of heat, imparting a cir finish to the material by hot calendering, completing the formation of the said resin from said reagents by heating, and thereafter washing the material to remove the cir finish from parts of the material free from resin.

4. Process for the production of colored cir effects upon textile materials, which comprises applying a dyestuif to at least parts of the materials, impregnating a portion only of the dyestuiT-bearing part of the material with a mixture of urea and formaldehyde, imparting a cir finish to the material by calendering, heating the material to complete the formation of resin from the urea and formaldehyde, and thereafter removing dyestuff and cir finish from parts of the material free from resin.

5. Process of producing colored cir effects upon cellulose textile materials, which comprises applying an acid dyestuff to at least parts of the materials, impregnating a portion only of the dyestuiT-bearing part of the material with a mixture of urea and formaldehyde, imparting a cir finish to the material by hot calendering, heating the material to complete the formation of resin from the urea and formaldehyde, and thereafter washing the material to remove dyestuff and cir finish from parts of the material free from resin.

6. Process for the production of colored cir effects upon textile materials, which comprises applying locally to said materials a dyestuff in admixture with urea. and formaldehyde, imparting a cir finish to the material by hot calendering, heating the fabric to complete the formation of resin from the urea and formaldehyde, and thereafter washing the material to remove the cir finish from parts of the material free from resin.

7. Process for'the production of colored cir effects upon textile materials, which comprises applying a dyestufi to at least parts of the materials, impregnating a portion only of the dyestuil-bearing part of the material with a watersoluble urea-formaldehyde condensation product, imparting a cir finish to they material by calendering, heating the material to complete conversion of the water-insoluble condensation product to a water-insoluble resin, and thereafter removing dyestuif and cir finish from parts of the material free from-resin.

8. Process for fixing cir effects upon textile materials, which comprises forming a nitrogenous resin on the materials to which the cir effect has been imparted.

9. Process for fixing colored cir effects upon textile materials, which comprises forming a nitrogenous resin on the materials to which the cir eflect has been imparted and to which a dyestufi has been applied.

10.'Process for the production of colored cir efiects upon textile materials, which comprisesv applying a dyestufl to at least part of the mate- 5 rial, impregnating at least a portion of the dyestufI-bearing part of the material with reagents capable of conversion into a nitrogenous resin, imparting a cir effect to at least part of the material, and then eiiecting formation of said resin 10 from said reagents on the material.

11. Process for the production of colored cir effects upon textile materials, which comprises applying to at least part of the material a dyestuff in admixture with reagents capable of con- 15 version into a nitrogenous resin, imparting a cir effect to at least part of the material, and then effecting formation of said resin from said reagents on the material. l

, GEORGES RIVAT. 20 

